MdePkg/BaseSafeIntLib: Add SafeIntLib class and instance

https://bugzilla.tianocore.org/show_bug.cgi?id=798

SafeIntLib provides helper functions to prevent integer overflow
during type conversion, addition, subtraction, and multiplication.

Conversion Functions
====================
* Converting from a signed type to an unsigned type of the same
  size, or vice-versa.
* Converting to a smaller type that could possibly overflow.
* Converting from a signed type to a larger unsigned type.

Unsigned Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication
===============================================
* Unsigned integer math functions protect from overflow and
  underflow (in case of subtraction).

Signed Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication
============================================
* Strongly consider using unsigned numbers.
* Signed numbers are often used where unsigned numbers should
  be used. For example file sizes and array indices should always
  be unsigned. Subtracting a larger positive signed number from a
  smaller positive signed number with SafeInt32Sub() will succeed,
  producing a negative number, that then must not be used as an
  array index (but can occasionally be used as a pointer index.)
  Similarly for adding a larger magnitude negative number to a
  smaller magnitude positive number.
* SafeIntLib does not protect you from such errors. It tells you
  if your integer operations overflowed, not if you are doing the
  right thing with your non-overflowed integers.
* Likewise you can overflow a buffer with a non-overflowed
  unsigned index.

Based on content from the following branch/commits:
https://github.com/Microsoft/MS_UEFI/tree/share/MsCapsuleSupport
21ef3a321c
ca516b1a61
33bab4031a

Cc: Sean Brogan <sean.brogan@microsoft.com>
Cc: Jiewen Yao <jiewen.yao@intel.com>
Cc: Liming Gao <liming.gao@intel.com>
Contributed-under: TianoCore Contribution Agreement 1.1
Signed-off-by: Michael D Kinney <michael.d.kinney@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Sean Brogan <sean.brogan@microsoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Liming Gao <liming.gao@intel.com>

MdePkg/Library/BaseSafeIntLib/BaseSafeIntLib.inf

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+## @file
+# Safe Integer Library
+#
+# This library provides helper functions to prevent integer overflow during
+# type conversion, addition, subtraction, and multiplication.
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2017, Microsoft Corporation
+#
+# All rights reserved.
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+#  and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
+# ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+# WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
+# INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
+# BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE
+# OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
+# ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+#
+##
+
+[Defines]
+  INF_VERSION                    = 0x00010005
+  BASE_NAME                      = BaseSafeIntLib
+  FILE_GUID                      = 4EA91BFA-3482-4930-B136-70679C6CE489
+  MODULE_TYPE                    = BASE
+  VERSION_STRING                 = 1.0
+  LIBRARY_CLASS                  = SafeIntLib
+
+#
+# The following information is for reference only and not required by the build tools.
+#
+#  VALID_ARCHITECTURES           = IA32 X64
+#
+
+[Sources]
+  SafeIntLib.c
+
+[Sources.Ia32, Sources.ARM]
+  SafeIntLib32.c
+
+[Sources.X64, Sources.IPF, Sources.AARCH64]
+  SafeIntLib64.c
+
+[Sources.EBC]
+  SafeIntLibEbc.c
+
+[Packages]
+  MdePkg/MdePkg.dec